Concussion Substitute in Cricket: The Modern Player Safety Rule
The concussion substitute allows a player to be replaced after suffering a head injury. Learn how the rule works, who approves it, and how it has changed the game since 2019.
What Is a Concussion Substitute?
A concussion substitute is a like-for-like player replacement permitted under ICC regulations when a player suffers a confirmed concussion during a match. Unlike a regular substitute (who can field only), a concussion substitute is treated as a full team member — they can bat, bowl, field, and keep wicket.
When Was It Introduced?
The ICC introduced concussion substitutes in international cricket in August 2019. The decision was driven by growing awareness of traumatic brain injuries in sport and incidents such as Phil Hughes's tragic death in 2014 following a blow to the head.
How the Process Works
- A player receives a blow to the head during play
- The team doctor or medical officer assesses the player for signs of concussion
- If concussion is confirmed, the captain notifies the match referee
- The match referee approves a like-for-like replacement
- The substitute must have similar playing skills — a like-for-like swap (e.g. a bowler for a bowler)
Notable Concussion Substitute Incidents
Marnus Labuschagne became the first concussion substitute in international cricket in 2019 when he replaced Steve Smith during the Headingley Test after Smith was struck by Jofra Archer's bouncer. Labuschagne went on to score 80 runs in Australia's second innings.
Frequently asked questions
Can any player be chosen as a concussion substitute?
No. The replacement must be like-for-like — a player with comparable skills. The match referee must approve the substitution to prevent tactical misuse.
Was Marnus Labuschagne the first concussion substitute?
Yes. Labuschagne replaced Steve Smith in the 2019 Ashes Test at Headingley, becoming the first concussion substitute in Test cricket history.
Can a concussion substitute bowl if the original player was a batsman?
Not if it gives the team an unfair advantage. The like-for-like principle means a specialist batter should be replaced by a specialist batter, not by an all-rounder or extra bowler.