Cricket Ball Specifications Explained
The weight, size, and construction requirements of a cricket ball, and how different balls are used in different formats.
Cricket Ball Dimensions
| Specification | Men's | Women's |
|---|---|---|
| Circumference | 8.81–9 inches (22.4–22.9 cm) | 8.25–8.5 inches (21–21.6 cm) |
| Weight | 155.9–163 g | 140–151 g |
| Core | Cork and twine | Cork and twine |
| Outer leather | 4-piece or 2-piece construction | 4-piece or 2-piece construction |
Red Ball vs White Ball
Test cricket uses a red ball. ODIs use a white ball (two balls, one at each end, changed every 34 overs). T20 cricket uses a white ball (a single ball for the entire innings). Pink balls are used in day-night Test cricket under floodlights, as they are visible against both the blue sky during day play and under artificial light. The colour does not affect the ball's weight or size, but the dye and lacquer used affect how the ball swings as it ages.
Ball Construction and Swing
A cricket ball consists of a cork core wrapped in twine and enclosed in four pieces of leather stitched together at two raised seams. One of these seams is 'proud' — raised above the surface — forming the primary seam used by seamers to generate movement. The other seam runs perpendicular and is known as the quarter seam. As the ball ages, one side becomes rough (from fielding contact and ground friction) while the fielding side keeps the other side shiny via polishing with sweat. This contrast — rough vs shiny — is what generates reverse swing in older balls.
Ball Change in Test Cricket
In Tests, a new ball is taken at the start of each innings and is available to the fielding team again after 80 overs. The ball must meet a minimum specification when inspected by the umpires — if the ball becomes significantly misshapen or damaged during play, the umpires may replace it with a ball of comparable condition to the one being replaced (not a new ball). The teams cannot replace the ball voluntarily.
Frequently asked questions
Why is a new ball harder than an old ball?
New balls have a firm, lacquered leather surface and a tight core. As the ball is used, the leather softens, the lacquer wears off, and the stitching loosens — making the ball softer, slower through the air, and less likely to swing conventionally.
What brands of cricket ball are used in international cricket?
Dukes balls are used in Tests in England; Kookaburra balls are used in Australia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, and for ICC events generally; SG (Sanspareils Greenlands) balls are used in Tests in India.
Is the white ball legally different from the red ball?
Same weight and dimensions; different colour treatment. The white ball has white leather and a white wax coating. It deteriorates faster than a red ball, which is why two white balls are used in ODIs.